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Theranostics 2018; 8(13):3461-3473. doi:10.7150/thno.25179 This issue Cite

Research Paper

“Three-in-one” Nanohybrids as Synergistic Nanoquenchers to Enhance No-Wash Fluorescence Biosensors for Ratiometric Detection of Cancer Biomarkers

Xiaolin Huang^1,2#, Zhimei He^3,2#, Dan Guo³, Yijing Liu², Jibin Song², Bryant C. Yung², Lisen Lin², Guocan Yu², Jun-Jie Zhu^3✉, Yonghua Xiong^1✉, Xiaoyuan Chen^2✉

1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
2. Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
3. State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
^#These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Dr. Jun-Jie Zhu, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China. E-mail: jjzhuedu.cn, Dr. Yonghua Xiong, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University. Address: 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, P.R. China. Phone: +0086-791-8833-4578; Fax: +0086-791-8833-3708; E-mail: yhxiongchencom and Dr. Xiaoyuan Chen, Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Address: Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States. Phone: 301-451-4246; E-mail: shawn.chengov More

Abstract

Purpose: Early diagnosis of cancer enables extended survival and reduced symptoms. To this end, a “three-in-one” nanohybrid of MOF@AuNP@GO is designed as synergistic nanoquencher to develop a novel fluorescence biosensor for rapid and sensitive detection of cancer-related biomarkers.

Methods: The ssDNA absorption affinities and fluorescence quenching abilities of the MOF@AuNP@GO were evaluated using FAM-labeled single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Then, two specific dye-labeled ssDNA and aptamer probes were designed for the recognition of p53 gene and prostate specific antigen (PSA), respectively. Fluorescence spectra were recorded and ratiometric signal processing was performed.

Results: The designed nanohybrids exhibit enhanced ssDNA binding affinities and fluorescence quenching abilities, which significantly decrease the background signal and increase the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, thus lowering the detection limit (LOD). Accordingly, with ratiometric measurement, this developed nanosensor can sensitively measure p53 gene and PSA with LODs of 0.005 nM and 0.01 ng mL^-1, respectively. Besides, this method also displays excellent performances with respect to universality, multiplexed detection, specificity, and practicality in human serum.

Conclusion: The designed MOF@AuNP@GO-based fluorescence biosensor can serve as a promising platform for washing-free, rapid and sensitive measurement of cancer biomarkers, making this method well-suited for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis.

Keywords: nanohybrid, nanoquencher, fluorescence, no-wash biosensor, ratiometric, cancer biomarker

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