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Theranostics 2024; 14(4):1534-1560. doi:10.7150/thno.91829 This issue Cite

Review

Metal nanoparticle hybrid hydrogels: the state-of-the-art of combining hard and soft materials to promote wound healing

Yuxiang Wang^1,#, Mengya Zhang^2,#, Zhenzhen Yan^1,#, Shizhao Ji^1,✉, Shichu Xiao^1,✉, Jie Gao^2,3,✉

1. Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
2. Changhai Clinical Research Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
3. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
^# These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Jie Gao: Tel.: +86 21 31166666; Fax: +86 21 31162332. Shichu Xiao: Tel.: +86 13166379405; Fax: +86 21 65589829. Shizhao Ji: Tel.: +86 18621583165; Fax: +86 21 65589829. Email addresses: ttddtdscom (Yuxiang Wang), yanzhenzhen_7com (Zhenzhen Yan), zhangmengya0822com (Mengya Zhang), shizhaoji2022com (Shizhao Ji), huangzhuoxiao4com (Shichu Xiao), gaojiehighcleaedu.cn (Jie Gao). More

Abstract

Wounds represent a grave affliction that profoundly impacts human well-being. Establishing barriers, preventing infections, and providing a conducive microenvironment constitute the crux of wound therapy. Hydrogel, a polymer with an intricate three-dimensional lattice, serves as a potent tool in erecting physical barriers and nurturing an environment conducive to wound healing. This enables effective control over exudation, hemostasis, accelerated wound closure, and diminished scar formation. As a result, hydrogels have gained extensive traction in the realm of wound treatment. Metallic nanoparticle carriers, characterized by their multifaceted responses encompassing acoustics, optics, and electronics, have demonstrated efficacy in wound management. Nevertheless, these carriers encounter challenges associated with swift clearance and nonuniform effectiveness. The hybridization of metallic nanoparticle carriers with hydrogels overcomes the shortcomings inherent in metallic nanoparticle-based wound therapy. This amalgamation not only addresses the limitations but also augments the mechanical robustness of hydrogels. It confers upon them attributes such as environmental responsiveness and multifunctionality, thereby synergizing strengths and compensating for weaknesses. This integration culminates in the precise and intelligent management of wounds. This review encapsulates the structural classifications, design strategies, therapeutic applications, and underlying mechanisms of metal nanoparticle hybrid hydrogels in the context of acute and chronic wound treatment. The discourse delves into the generation of novel or enhanced attributes arising from hybridization and how the current paradigm of wound therapy leverages these attributes. Amidst this continually evolving frontier, the potential of metal nanoparticle hybrid hydrogels to revolutionize wound treatment is underscored.

Keywords: Metal nanoparticles, Hydrogels, Wound healing, Skin tissue engineering, Biomaterials

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