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Theranostics 2016; 6(4):545-557. doi:10.7150/thno.13352 This issue Cite

Research Paper

EMMPRIN-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for In Vivo Visualization and Regression of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Irene Cuadrado1, Maria Jose Garcia Miguel Piedras1, Irene Herruzo1, Maria del Carmen Turpin1, Borja Castejón1, Paula Reventun2, Ana Martin1, Marta Saura2, Jose Luis Zamorano1, Carlos Zaragoza1✉

1. Cardiology Department. University Francisco de Vitoria/Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100. 28034 Madrid, Spain.
2. Department of Physiology, University of Alcalá, School of Medicine. Ctra. Madrid Barcelona, Km 3,300. 28875 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.

✉ Corresponding author: c.zaragoza.profes.

Citation:
Cuadrado I, Piedras MJGM, Herruzo I, Turpin MdC, Castejón B, Reventun P, Martin A, Saura M, Zamorano JL, Zaragoza C. EMMPRIN-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for In Vivo Visualization and Regression of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Theranostics 2016; 6(4):545-557. doi:10.7150/thno.13352. https://www.thno.org/v06p0545.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Inhibition of extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation may represent a mechanism for cardiac protection against ischemia. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) is highly expressed in response to acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and induces activation of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. We targeted EMMPRIN with paramagnetic/fluorescent micellar nanoparticles conjugated with the EMMPRIN binding peptide AP-9 (NAP9), or an AP-9 scrambled peptide as a negative control (NAPSC). We found that NAP9 binds to endogenous EMMPRIN in cultured HL1 myocytes and in mouse hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion (IR). Injection of NAP9 at the time of or one day after IR, was enough to reduce progression of myocardial cell death when compared to Control and NAPSC injected mice (infarct size in NAP9 injected mice: 32%±6.59 vs Control: 46%±9.04 or NAPSC injected mice: 48%±7.64). In the same way, cardiac parameters were recovered to almost healthy levels (LVEF NAP9 63% ± 7.24 vs Control 42% ± 4.74 or NAPSC 39% ± 6.44), whereas ECM degradation was also reduced as shown by inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activation. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) scans have shown a signal enhancement in the left ventricle of NAP9 injected mice with respect to non-injected, and to mice injected with NAPSC. A positive correlation between CMR enhancement and Evans-Blue/TTC staining of infarct size was calculated (R:0.65). Taken together, these results point to EMMPRIN targeted nanoparticles as a new approach to the mitigation of ischemic/reperfusion injury.

Keywords: Ischemia/Reperfusion, Matrix metalloproteinases, nanoparticles, EMMPRIN, AP9.

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APA
Cuadrado, I., Piedras, M.J.G.M., Herruzo, I., Turpin, M.d.C., Castejón, B., Reventun, P., Martin, A., Saura, M., Zamorano, J.L., Zaragoza, C. (2016). EMMPRIN-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for In Vivo Visualization and Regression of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Theranostics, 6(4), 545-557. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.13352.

ACS
Cuadrado, I.; Piedras, M.J.G.M.; Herruzo, I.; Turpin, M.d.C.; Castejón, B.; Reventun, P.; Martin, A.; Saura, M.; Zamorano, J.L.; Zaragoza, C. EMMPRIN-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for In Vivo Visualization and Regression of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Theranostics 2016, 6 (4), 545-557. DOI: 10.7150/thno.13352.

NLM
Cuadrado I, Piedras MJGM, Herruzo I, Turpin MdC, Castejón B, Reventun P, Martin A, Saura M, Zamorano JL, Zaragoza C. EMMPRIN-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for In Vivo Visualization and Regression of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Theranostics 2016; 6(4):545-557. doi:10.7150/thno.13352. https://www.thno.org/v06p0545.htm

CSE
Cuadrado I, Piedras MJGM, Herruzo I, Turpin MdC, Castejón B, Reventun P, Martin A, Saura M, Zamorano JL, Zaragoza C. 2016. EMMPRIN-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for In Vivo Visualization and Regression of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Theranostics. 6(4):545-557.

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