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Theranostics 2016; 6(13):2367-2379. doi:10.7150/thno.15829 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Photo-decomposable Organic Nanoparticles for Combined Tumor Optical Imaging and Multiple Phototherapies

Wenjun Miao^1,2, Hyungjun Kim¹, Vipul Gujrati¹, Jin Yong Kim³, Hyeongsu Jon¹, Yonghyun Lee¹, Minsuk Choi¹, Jinjoo Kim¹, Soyoung Lee¹, Dong Yun Lee³, Sukmo Kang¹, Sangyong Jon ^1,3✉

1. KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
2. School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
3. Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejon 305-701, Republic of Korea.

✉ Corresponding author: Sangyong Jon. (email: syjonac.kr).

Abstract

Combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with photothermal therapy (PTT) has achieved significantly improved therapeutic efficacy compared to a single phototherapy modality. However, most nanomaterials used for combined PDT/PTT are made of non-biodegradable materials (e.g., gold nanorods, carbon nanotubes, and graphenes) and may remain intact in the body for long time, raising concerns over their potential long-term toxicity. Here we report a new combined PDT/PTT nanomedicine, designated SP³NPs, that exhibit photo-decomposable, photodynamic and photothermal properties. SP³NPs were prepared by self-assembly of PEGylated cypate, comprising FDA-approved PEG and an ICG derivative. We confirmed the ability of SP³NPs to generate both singlet oxygen for a photodynamic effect and heat for photothermal therapy in response to NIR laser irradiation in vitro. Also, the unique ability of SP³NPs to undergo irreversible decomposition upon NIR laser irradiation was demonstrated. Further our experimental results demonstrated that SP³NPs strongly accumulated in tumor tissue owing to their highly PEGylated surface and relatively small size (~60 nm), offering subsequent imaging-guided combined PDT/PTT treatment that resulted in tumor eradication and prolonged survival of mice. Taken together, our SP³NPs described here may represent a novel and facile approach for next-generation theranostics with great promise for translation into clinical practice in the future.

Keywords: nanomedicine · indocyanine green · photodynamic therapy · photothermal therapy · theranostics.

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