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Theranostics 2020; 10(7):2949-2964. doi:10.7150/thno.40783 This issue Cite

Review

Supportive roles of brain macrophages in CNS metastases and assessment of new approaches targeting their functions

Hua You1, Szymon Baluszek2, Bozena Kaminska1,2✉

1. Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
2. Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy, Warsaw, Poland

✉ Corresponding author: Dr. Bozena Kaminska, Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy, Warsaw, Poland; Tel.: +48 22 5892209; b.kaminskagov.pl

Citation:
You H, Baluszek S, Kaminska B. Supportive roles of brain macrophages in CNS metastases and assessment of new approaches targeting their functions. Theranostics 2020; 10(7):2949-2964. doi:10.7150/thno.40783. https://www.thno.org/v10p2949.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Metastases to the central nervous system (CNS) occur frequently in adults and their frequency increases with the prolonged survival of cancer patients. Patients with CNS metastases have short survival, and modern therapeutics, while effective for extra-cranial cancers, do not reduce metastatic burden. Tumor cells attract and reprogram stromal cells, including tumor-associated macrophages that support cancer growth by promoting tissue remodeling, invasion, immunosuppression and metastasis. Specific roles of brain resident and infiltrating macrophages in creating a pre-metastatic niche for CNS invading cancer cells are less known. There are populations of CNS resident innate immune cells such as: parenchymal microglia and non-parenchymal, CNS border-associated macrophages that colonize CNS in early development and sustain its homeostasis. In this study we summarize available data on potential roles of different brain macrophages in most common brain metastases. We hypothesize that metastatic cancer cells exploit CNS macrophages and their cytoprotective mechanisms to create a pre-metastatic niche and facilitate metastatic growth. We assess current pharmacological strategies to manipulate functions of brain macrophages and hypothesize on their potential use in a therapy of CNS metastases. We conclude that the current data strongly support a notion that microglia, as well as non-parenchymal macrophages and peripheral infiltrating macrophages, are involved in multiple stages of CNS metastases. Understanding their contribution will lead to development of new therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: brain metastases, tumor microenvironment, cancer invasion, intracellular signaling, immune infiltrates, microglia, CNS border associated macrophages, perivascular macrophages, immunosuppression

Citation styles

APA
You, H., Baluszek, S., Kaminska, B. (2020). Supportive roles of brain macrophages in CNS metastases and assessment of new approaches targeting their functions. Theranostics, 10(7), 2949-2964. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.40783.

ACS
You, H.; Baluszek, S.; Kaminska, B. Supportive roles of brain macrophages in CNS metastases and assessment of new approaches targeting their functions. Theranostics 2020, 10 (7), 2949-2964. DOI: 10.7150/thno.40783.

NLM
You H, Baluszek S, Kaminska B. Supportive roles of brain macrophages in CNS metastases and assessment of new approaches targeting their functions. Theranostics 2020; 10(7):2949-2964. doi:10.7150/thno.40783. https://www.thno.org/v10p2949.htm

CSE
You H, Baluszek S, Kaminska B. 2020. Supportive roles of brain macrophages in CNS metastases and assessment of new approaches targeting their functions. Theranostics. 10(7):2949-2964.

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