13.3
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< 5 days
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Theranostics 2020; 10(12):5532-5549. doi:10.7150/thno.43465 This issue Cite
Review
1. Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
2. University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherland
3. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
Gene editing is a versatile technique in biomedicine that promotes fundamental research as well as clinical therapy. The development of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) as a genome editing machinery has accelerated the application of gene editing. However, the delivery of CRISPR components often suffers when using conventional transfection methods, such as viral transduction and chemical vectors, due to limited packaging size and inefficiency toward certain cell types. In this review, we discuss physical transfection methods for CRISPR gene editing which can overcome these limitations. We outline different types of physical transfection methods, highlight novel techniques to deliver CRISPR components, and emphasize the role of micro and nanotechnology to improve transfection performance. We present our perspectives on the limitations of current technology and provide insights on the future developments of physical transfection methods.
Keywords: physical transfection, CRISPR delivery, intracellular delivery, gene editing, transfection methods, micro/nanotechnology