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Theranostics 2021; 11(4):2006-2019. doi:10.7150/thno.53031 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Integrated photodynamic Raman theranostic system for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment molecular monitoring

Conor C. Horgan1,2,3, Mads S. Bergholt1,2,3*, Anika Nagelkerke1,2,3#, May Zaw Thin4, Isaac J. Pence1,2,3, Ulrike Kauscher1,2,3, Tammy L. Kalber4, Daniel J. Stuckey4, Molly M. Stevens1,2,3✉

1. Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
2. Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
3. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
4. Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK.
*Current address: Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.
#Current address: University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analysis, P.O. Box 196, XB20, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands.

✉ Corresponding author: E-mail: m.stevensac.uk.

Citation:
Horgan CC, Bergholt MS, Nagelkerke A, Thin MZ, Pence IJ, Kauscher U, Kalber TL, Stuckey DJ, Stevens MM. Integrated photodynamic Raman theranostic system for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment molecular monitoring. Theranostics 2021; 11(4):2006-2019. doi:10.7150/thno.53031. https://www.thno.org/v11p2006.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Theranostics, the combination of diagnosis and therapy, has long held promise as a means to achieving personalised precision cancer treatments. However, despite its potential, theranostics has yet to realise significant clinical translation, largely due the complexity and overriding toxicity concerns of existing theranostic nanoparticle strategies.

Methods: Here, we present an alternative nanoparticle-free theranostic approach based on simultaneous Raman spectroscopy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) in an integrated clinical platform for cancer theranostics.

Results: We detail the compatibility of Raman spectroscopy and PDT for cancer theranostics, whereby Raman spectroscopic diagnosis can be performed on PDT photosensitiser-positive cells and tissues without inadvertent photosensitiser activation/photobleaching or impaired diagnostic capacity. We further demonstrate that our theranostic platform enables in vivo tumour diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment molecular monitoring in real-time.

Conclusion: This system thus achieves effective theranostic performance, providing a promising new avenue towards the clinical realisation of theranostics.

Keywords: Raman Spectroscopy, Photodynamic Therapy, Theranostics, Cancer, Nanoparticle-Free

Citation styles

APA
Horgan, C.C., Bergholt, M.S., Nagelkerke, A., Thin, M.Z., Pence, I.J., Kauscher, U., Kalber, T.L., Stuckey, D.J., Stevens, M.M. (2021). Integrated photodynamic Raman theranostic system for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment molecular monitoring. Theranostics, 11(4), 2006-2019. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.53031.

ACS
Horgan, C.C.; Bergholt, M.S.; Nagelkerke, A.; Thin, M.Z.; Pence, I.J.; Kauscher, U.; Kalber, T.L.; Stuckey, D.J.; Stevens, M.M. Integrated photodynamic Raman theranostic system for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment molecular monitoring. Theranostics 2021, 11 (4), 2006-2019. DOI: 10.7150/thno.53031.

NLM
Horgan CC, Bergholt MS, Nagelkerke A, Thin MZ, Pence IJ, Kauscher U, Kalber TL, Stuckey DJ, Stevens MM. Integrated photodynamic Raman theranostic system for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment molecular monitoring. Theranostics 2021; 11(4):2006-2019. doi:10.7150/thno.53031. https://www.thno.org/v11p2006.htm

CSE
Horgan CC, Bergholt MS, Nagelkerke A, Thin MZ, Pence IJ, Kauscher U, Kalber TL, Stuckey DJ, Stevens MM. 2021. Integrated photodynamic Raman theranostic system for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment molecular monitoring. Theranostics. 11(4):2006-2019.

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