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Theranostics 2021; 11(10):4710-4727. doi:10.7150/thno.51739 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Deficiency of telomere-associated repressor activator protein 1 precipitates cardiac aging in mice via p53/PPARα signaling

Yin Cai1,2,3*, Hao Liu4*, Erfei Song5, Lin Wang1,3, Jindong Xu6, Yi He6, Dengwen Zhang6, Liyan Zhang7, Kenneth King-yip Cheng3, Leigang Jin1,8, Min Wu9, Shiming Liu10, Dake Qi11, Liangqing Zhang12, Gary D. Lopaschuk7, Sheng Wang6✉, Aimin Xu1,8✉, Zhengyuan Xia1,2,12,13✉

1. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
2. Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
3. Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
4. Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
5. The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
6. Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China.
7. Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
8. Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
9. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China.
10. Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
11. Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland, Canada.
12. Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
13. Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
*These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Dr. Zhengyuan Xia, Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; and Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang,China. E-mail: zyx More

Citation:
Cai Y, Liu H, Song E, Wang L, Xu J, He Y, Zhang D, Zhang L, Cheng KKy, Jin L, Wu M, Liu S, Qi D, Zhang L, Lopaschuk GD, Wang S, Xu A, Xia Z. Deficiency of telomere-associated repressor activator protein 1 precipitates cardiac aging in mice via p53/PPARα signaling. Theranostics 2021; 11(10):4710-4727. doi:10.7150/thno.51739. https://www.thno.org/v11p4710.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Background: Telomere shortening and dysfunction may cause metabolic disorders, tissue damage and age-dependent pathologies. However, little is known about the association of telomere-associated protein Rap1 with mitochondrial energy metabolism and cardiac aging.

Methods: Echocardiography was performed to detect cardiac structure and function in Rap1+/+ and Rap1-/- mice at different ages (3 months, 12 months and 20 months). Telomere length, DNA damage, cardiac senescence and cardiomyocyte size were analyzed using the real-time PCR, Western blotting, senescence associated β-galactosidase assay and wheat germ agglutinin staining, respectively. Western blotting was also used to determine the level of cardiac fatty acid metabolism related key enzymes in mouse and human myocardium. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to verify the direct link between p53 and PPARα. The p53 inhibitor, Pifithrin-α and PPARα activator WY14643 were utilized to identify the effects of Rap1/p53/PPARα signaling pathway.

Results: Telomere was shortened concomitant with extensive DNA damage in aged Rap1-/- mouse hearts, evidenced by reduced T/S ratios and increased nuclear γH2AX. Meanwhile, the aging-associated phenotypes were pronounced as reflected by altered mitochondrial ultrastructure, enhanced senescence, cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. Mechanistically, acetylated p53 and nuclear p53 was enhanced in the Rap1-/- mouse hearts, concomitant with reduced PPARα. Importantly, p53 directly binds to the promoter of PPARα in mouse hearts and suppresses the transcription of PPARα. In addition, aged Rap1-/- mice exhibited reduced cardiac fatty acid metabolism. Pifithrin-α alleviated cardiac aging and enhanced fatty acid metabolism in the aged Rap1-/- mice. Activating PPARα with WY14643 in primarily cultured Rap1-/- cardiomyocytes restored maximal oxygen consumption rates. Reduced Rap1 expression and impaired p53/PPARα signaling also presented in aged human myocardium.

Conclusion: In summary, Rap1 may link telomere biology to fatty acid metabolism and aging-related cardiac pathologies via modulating the p53/PPARα signaling pathway, which could represent a therapeutic target in preventing/attenuating cardiac aging.

Keywords: Rap1, p53, PPARα, fatty acid metabolism, cardiac aging

Citation styles

APA
Cai, Y., Liu, H., Song, E., Wang, L., Xu, J., He, Y., Zhang, D., Zhang, L., Cheng, K.K.y., Jin, L., Wu, M., Liu, S., Qi, D., Zhang, L., Lopaschuk, G.D., Wang, S., Xu, A., Xia, Z. (2021). Deficiency of telomere-associated repressor activator protein 1 precipitates cardiac aging in mice via p53/PPARα signaling. Theranostics, 11(10), 4710-4727. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.51739.

ACS
Cai, Y.; Liu, H.; Song, E.; Wang, L.; Xu, J.; He, Y.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, L.; Cheng, K.K.y.; Jin, L.; Wu, M.; Liu, S.; Qi, D.; Zhang, L.; Lopaschuk, G.D.; Wang, S.; Xu, A.; Xia, Z. Deficiency of telomere-associated repressor activator protein 1 precipitates cardiac aging in mice via p53/PPARα signaling. Theranostics 2021, 11 (10), 4710-4727. DOI: 10.7150/thno.51739.

NLM
Cai Y, Liu H, Song E, Wang L, Xu J, He Y, Zhang D, Zhang L, Cheng KKy, Jin L, Wu M, Liu S, Qi D, Zhang L, Lopaschuk GD, Wang S, Xu A, Xia Z. Deficiency of telomere-associated repressor activator protein 1 precipitates cardiac aging in mice via p53/PPARα signaling. Theranostics 2021; 11(10):4710-4727. doi:10.7150/thno.51739. https://www.thno.org/v11p4710.htm

CSE
Cai Y, Liu H, Song E, Wang L, Xu J, He Y, Zhang D, Zhang L, Cheng KKy, Jin L, Wu M, Liu S, Qi D, Zhang L, Lopaschuk GD, Wang S, Xu A, Xia Z. 2021. Deficiency of telomere-associated repressor activator protein 1 precipitates cardiac aging in mice via p53/PPARα signaling. Theranostics. 11(10):4710-4727.

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