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Theranostics 2021; 11(15):7391-7424. doi:10.7150/thno.58799 This issue Cite

Review

Recent advances in critical nodes of embryo engineering technology

Youwen Ma1#, Mingwei Gu1#, Liguo Chen1, Hao Shen1, Yifan Pan1, Yan Pang1, Sheng Miao1, Ruiqing Tong2, Haibo Huang1✉, Yichen Zhu3✉, Lining Sun1,4

1. School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
2. Cardiology, Dushuhu Public Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
3. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
4. State Key Laboratory of Robotics & Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
#These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Haibo Huang, E-mail: hbhuangedu.cn; Tel: +86-13962120384; Yichen Zhu, E-mail: zyc0728edu.cn; Tel.: +86-18012782002.

Citation:
Ma Y, Gu M, Chen L, Shen H, Pan Y, Pang Y, Miao S, Tong R, Huang H, Zhu Y, Sun L. Recent advances in critical nodes of embryo engineering technology. Theranostics 2021; 11(15):7391-7424. doi:10.7150/thno.58799. https://www.thno.org/v11p7391.htm
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Abstract

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The normal development and maturation of oocytes and sperm, the formation of fertilized ova, the implantation of early embryos, and the growth and development of foetuses are the biological basis of mammalian reproduction. Therefore, research on oocytes has always occupied a very important position in the life sciences and reproductive medicine fields. Various embryo engineering technologies for oocytes, early embryo formation and subsequent developmental stages and different target sites, such as gene editing, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technologies, have all been established and widely used in industrialization. However, as research continues to deepen and target species become more advanced, embryo engineering technology has also been developing in a more complex and sophisticated direction. At the same time, the success rate also shows a declining trend, resulting in an extension of the research and development cycle and rising costs. By studying the existing embryo engineering technology process, we discovered three critical nodes that have the greatest impact on the development of oocytes and early embryos, namely, oocyte micromanipulation, oocyte electrical activation/reconstructed embryo electrofusion, and the in vitro culture of early embryos. This article mainly demonstrates the efforts made by researchers in the relevant technologies of these three critical nodes from an engineering perspective, analyses the shortcomings of the current technology, and proposes a plan and prospects for the development of embryo engineering technology in the future.

Keywords: oocytes, embryo engineering technology, micromanipulation, electrical activation, electrofusion, in vitro culture

Citation styles

APA
Ma, Y., Gu, M., Chen, L., Shen, H., Pan, Y., Pang, Y., Miao, S., Tong, R., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Sun, L. (2021). Recent advances in critical nodes of embryo engineering technology. Theranostics, 11(15), 7391-7424. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.58799.

ACS
Ma, Y.; Gu, M.; Chen, L.; Shen, H.; Pan, Y.; Pang, Y.; Miao, S.; Tong, R.; Huang, H.; Zhu, Y.; Sun, L. Recent advances in critical nodes of embryo engineering technology. Theranostics 2021, 11 (15), 7391-7424. DOI: 10.7150/thno.58799.

NLM
Ma Y, Gu M, Chen L, Shen H, Pan Y, Pang Y, Miao S, Tong R, Huang H, Zhu Y, Sun L. Recent advances in critical nodes of embryo engineering technology. Theranostics 2021; 11(15):7391-7424. doi:10.7150/thno.58799. https://www.thno.org/v11p7391.htm

CSE
Ma Y, Gu M, Chen L, Shen H, Pan Y, Pang Y, Miao S, Tong R, Huang H, Zhu Y, Sun L. 2021. Recent advances in critical nodes of embryo engineering technology. Theranostics. 11(15):7391-7424.

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