Theranostics 2022; 12(4):1537-1556. doi:10.7150/thno.66670 This issue Cite
Review
1. Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
2. College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
3. Asia Regenerative Medicine Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China
4. Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
5. Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China
Diabetes is one of the most socially challenging health concerns. Even though islet transplantation has shown promise for insulin-dependent diabetes, there is still no effective method for curing diabetes due to the severe shortage of transplantable donors. In recent years, organoid technology has attracted lots of attention as organoid can mirror the human organ in vivo to the maximum extent in vitro, thus bridging the gap between cellular- and tissue/organ-level biological models. Concurrently, human pancreatic islet organoids are expected to be a considerable source of islet transplantation. To construct human islet-like organoids, the seeding cells, biomaterials and three-dimensional structure are three key elements. Herein, this review summarizes current progresses about the cell origins, biomaterials and advanced technology being applied to make human islet organoids, and discusses the advantages, shortcomings, and future challenges of them as well. We hope this review can offer a cross-disciplinary perspective to build human islet organoids and provide insights for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Keywords: pancreatic islet organoids, stem cells, diabetes, regenerative medicine, biomaterials