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Theranostics 2020; 10(16):7111-7130. doi:10.7150/thno.45286 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Fgfr3 mutation disrupts chondrogenesis and bone ossification in zebrafish model mimicking CATSHL syndrome partially via enhanced Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Xianding Sun1#, Ruobin Zhang1#, Hangang Chen1#, Xiaolan Du1, Shuai Chen1, Junlan Huang1, Mi Liu1, Meng Xu1, Fengtao Luo1, Min Jin1, Nan Su1, Huabing Qi1, Jing Yang1, Qiaoyan Tan1, Dali Zhang1, Zhenhong Ni1, Sen Liang1, Bin Zhang1, Di Chen2, Xin Zhang3, Lingfei Luo4✉, Lin Chen1✉, Yangli Xie1✉

1. Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
2. Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
3. Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
4. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
#These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Lingfei Luo. School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tian-sheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China. Tel: +86-23-68367957, E-mail address: lluoedu.cn; Lin Chen. Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Med More

Citation:
Sun X, Zhang R, Chen H, Du X, Chen S, Huang J, Liu M, Xu M, Luo F, Jin M, Su N, Qi H, Yang J, Tan Q, Zhang D, Ni Z, Liang S, Zhang B, Chen D, Zhang X, Luo L, Chen L, Xie Y. Fgfr3 mutation disrupts chondrogenesis and bone ossification in zebrafish model mimicking CATSHL syndrome partially via enhanced Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Theranostics 2020; 10(16):7111-7130. doi:10.7150/thno.45286. https://www.thno.org/v10p7111.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

CATSHL syndrome, characterized by camptodactyly, tall stature and hearing loss, is caused by loss-of-function mutations of fibroblast growth factor receptors 3 (FGFR3) gene. Most manifestations of patients with CATSHL syndrome start to develop in the embryonic stage, such as skeletal overgrowth, craniofacial abnormalities, however, the pathogenesis of these phenotypes especially the early maldevelopment remains incompletely understood. Furthermore, there are no effective therapeutic targets for this skeleton dysplasia.

Methods: We generated fgfr3 knockout zebrafish by CRISPR/Cas9 technology to study the developmental mechanisms and therapeutic targets of CATSHL syndrome. Several zebrafish transgenic lines labeling osteoblasts and chondrocytes, and live Alizarin red staining were used to analyze the dynamical skeleton development in fgfr3 mutants. Western blotting, whole mount in situ hybridization, Edu labeling based cell proliferation assay and Wnt/β-catenin signaling antagonist were used to explore the potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

Results: We found that fgfr3 mutant zebrafish, staring from early development stage, showed craniofacial bone malformation with microcephaly and delayed closure of cranial sutures, chondroma-like lesion and abnormal development of auditory sensory organs, partially resembling the clinical manifestations of patients with CATSHL syndrome. Further studies showed that fgfr3 regulates the patterning and shaping of pharyngeal arches and the timely ossification of craniofacial skeleton. The abnormal development of pharyngeal arch cartilage is related to the augmented hypertrophy and disordered arrangement of chondrocytes, while decreased proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts may be involved in the delayed maturation of skull bones. Furthermore, we revealed that deficiency of fgfr3 leads to enhanced IHH signaling and up-regulated canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and pharmacological inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin could partially alleviate the phenotypes of fgfr3 mutants.

Conclusions: Our study further reveals some novel phenotypes and underlying developmental mechanism of CATSHL syndrome, which deepens our understanding of the pathogenesis of CATSHL and the role of fgfr3 in skeleton development. Our findings provide evidence that modulation of Wnt/β-catenin activity could be a potential therapy for CATSHL syndrome and related skeleton diseases.

Keywords: FGFR3, CATSHL syndrome, Zebrafish, Skeletal development, Wnt/β-catenin

Citation styles

APA
Sun, X., Zhang, R., Chen, H., Du, X., Chen, S., Huang, J., Liu, M., Xu, M., Luo, F., Jin, M., Su, N., Qi, H., Yang, J., Tan, Q., Zhang, D., Ni, Z., Liang, S., Zhang, B., Chen, D., Zhang, X., Luo, L., Chen, L., Xie, Y. (2020). Fgfr3 mutation disrupts chondrogenesis and bone ossification in zebrafish model mimicking CATSHL syndrome partially via enhanced Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Theranostics, 10(16), 7111-7130. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.45286.

ACS
Sun, X.; Zhang, R.; Chen, H.; Du, X.; Chen, S.; Huang, J.; Liu, M.; Xu, M.; Luo, F.; Jin, M.; Su, N.; Qi, H.; Yang, J.; Tan, Q.; Zhang, D.; Ni, Z.; Liang, S.; Zhang, B.; Chen, D.; Zhang, X.; Luo, L.; Chen, L.; Xie, Y. Fgfr3 mutation disrupts chondrogenesis and bone ossification in zebrafish model mimicking CATSHL syndrome partially via enhanced Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Theranostics 2020, 10 (16), 7111-7130. DOI: 10.7150/thno.45286.

NLM
Sun X, Zhang R, Chen H, Du X, Chen S, Huang J, Liu M, Xu M, Luo F, Jin M, Su N, Qi H, Yang J, Tan Q, Zhang D, Ni Z, Liang S, Zhang B, Chen D, Zhang X, Luo L, Chen L, Xie Y. Fgfr3 mutation disrupts chondrogenesis and bone ossification in zebrafish model mimicking CATSHL syndrome partially via enhanced Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Theranostics 2020; 10(16):7111-7130. doi:10.7150/thno.45286. https://www.thno.org/v10p7111.htm

CSE
Sun X, Zhang R, Chen H, Du X, Chen S, Huang J, Liu M, Xu M, Luo F, Jin M, Su N, Qi H, Yang J, Tan Q, Zhang D, Ni Z, Liang S, Zhang B, Chen D, Zhang X, Luo L, Chen L, Xie Y. 2020. Fgfr3 mutation disrupts chondrogenesis and bone ossification in zebrafish model mimicking CATSHL syndrome partially via enhanced Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Theranostics. 10(16):7111-7130.

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