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Theranostics 2020; 10(18):8051-8060. doi:10.7150/thno.43507 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Autophagy-lysosome inhibitor chloroquine prevents CTLA-4 degradation of T cells and attenuates acute rejection in murine skin and heart transplantation

Jikai Cui*, Jizhang Yu*, Heng Xu, Yanqiang Zou, Hao Zhang, Shanshan Chen, Sheng Le, Jing Zhao, Lang Jiang, Jiahong Xia✉, Jie Wu✉

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
*The authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding author: Jie Wu (wujie426edu.cn) and Jiahong Xia (jiahong.xiaedu.cn). Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.

Citation:
Cui J, Yu J, Xu H, Zou Y, Zhang H, Chen S, Le S, Zhao J, Jiang L, Xia J, Wu J. Autophagy-lysosome inhibitor chloroquine prevents CTLA-4 degradation of T cells and attenuates acute rejection in murine skin and heart transplantation. Theranostics 2020; 10(18):8051-8060. doi:10.7150/thno.43507. https://www.thno.org/v10p8051.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Background: The immune checkpoint cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), induced upon T cell activation but degraded quickly, has been targeted in the clinical therapy of advanced cancers and autoimmune diseases. However, whether inhibiting CTLA-4 degradation ameliorates transplant rejection remains unknown.

Methods: The CTLA-4 expression in activated murine T cells treated with the inhibitors mediating protein degradation was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). CD45.1 mice, which received TEa T cells and underwent heart transplantation, were administrated with the inhibitor. Subsequently, CTLA-4 expression of TEa T cells was analyzed. Murine skin and heart transplantation models were built, then the survival and histopathology of the allografts, and T cell subsets in the spleens of each group were compared.

Results: Chloroquine (CQ) was identified as an inhibitor of CTLA-4 degradation, which augmented both surface and total CTLA-4 expression in T cells. It considerably prolonged the skin and heart allograft survival time and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells in allografts. Besides decreasing the frequencies of the CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells, especially IFN-γ producing T cells, CQ also increased the proportion of regulatory T cells in the spleen. The CTLA-4 blockade abrogated the benefits of CQ on the survival of heart allografts. Moreover, CQ enhanced CTLA-4 expression in activated human T cells and reduced the secretion of IFN-γ in human mixed lymphocyte reaction.

Conclusion: Targeting CTLA-4 degradation provides a novel means to prevent transplant rejection and induce transplant tolerance.

Keywords: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4, Chloroquine, Autophagy, T cells, Transplant rejection.

Citation styles

APA
Cui, J., Yu, J., Xu, H., Zou, Y., Zhang, H., Chen, S., Le, S., Zhao, J., Jiang, L., Xia, J., Wu, J. (2020). Autophagy-lysosome inhibitor chloroquine prevents CTLA-4 degradation of T cells and attenuates acute rejection in murine skin and heart transplantation. Theranostics, 10(18), 8051-8060. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.43507.

ACS
Cui, J.; Yu, J.; Xu, H.; Zou, Y.; Zhang, H.; Chen, S.; Le, S.; Zhao, J.; Jiang, L.; Xia, J.; Wu, J. Autophagy-lysosome inhibitor chloroquine prevents CTLA-4 degradation of T cells and attenuates acute rejection in murine skin and heart transplantation. Theranostics 2020, 10 (18), 8051-8060. DOI: 10.7150/thno.43507.

NLM
Cui J, Yu J, Xu H, Zou Y, Zhang H, Chen S, Le S, Zhao J, Jiang L, Xia J, Wu J. Autophagy-lysosome inhibitor chloroquine prevents CTLA-4 degradation of T cells and attenuates acute rejection in murine skin and heart transplantation. Theranostics 2020; 10(18):8051-8060. doi:10.7150/thno.43507. https://www.thno.org/v10p8051.htm

CSE
Cui J, Yu J, Xu H, Zou Y, Zhang H, Chen S, Le S, Zhao J, Jiang L, Xia J, Wu J. 2020. Autophagy-lysosome inhibitor chloroquine prevents CTLA-4 degradation of T cells and attenuates acute rejection in murine skin and heart transplantation. Theranostics. 10(18):8051-8060.

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