Theranostics 2019; 9(10):2910-2923. doi:10.7150/thno.30879 This issue Cite

Research Paper

M2 microglia-derived exosomes protect the mouse brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury via exosomal miR-124

Yaying Song1,2, Zongwei Li2, Tingting He1, Meijie Qu1,2, Lu Jiang2, Wanlu Li2, Xiaojing Shi2, Jiaji Pan2, Linyuan Zhang1,2, Yongting Wang2, Zhijun Zhang2✉, Yaohui Tang2✉, Guo-Yuan Yang1,2✉

1. Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;
2. Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.

Citation:
Song Y, Li Z, He T, Qu M, Jiang L, Li W, Shi X, Pan J, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Tang Y, Yang GY. M2 microglia-derived exosomes protect the mouse brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury via exosomal miR-124. Theranostics 2019; 9(10):2910-2923. doi:10.7150/thno.30879. https://www.thno.org/v09p2910.htm
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Abstract

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Rationale: Microglia play a critical role in modulating cell death and neurobehavioral recovery in response to brain injury either by direct cell-cell interaction or indirect secretion of trophic factors. Exosomes secreted from cells are well documented to deliver bioactive molecules to recipient cells to modulate cell function. Here, we aimed to identify whether M2 microglia exert neuroprotection after ischemic attack through an exosome-mediated cell-cell interaction.

Methods: M2 microglia-derived exosomes were intravenously injected into the mouse brain immediately after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Infarct volume, neurological score, and neuronal apoptosis were examined 3 days after ischemic attack. Exosome RNA and target protein expression levels in neurons and brain tissue were determined for the mechanistic study.

Results: Our results showed that the M2 microglia-derived exosomes were taken up by neurons in vitro and in vivo. M2 microglia-derived exosome treatment attenuated neuronal apoptosis after oxygen-glucose deprivation (p<0.05). In vivo results showed that M2 microglia-derived exosome treatment significantly reduced infarct volume and attenuated behavioral deficits 3 days after transient brain ischemia (p<0.05), whereas injection of miR-124 knockdown (miR-124k/d) M2 microglia-derived exosomes partly reversed the neuroprotective effect. Our mechanistic study further demonstrated that ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14) was the direct downstream target of miR-124. Injection of miR-124k/d M2 exosomes plus the USP14 inhibitor, IU1, achieved comparable neuroprotective effect as injection of M2 exosomes alone.

Conclusions: We demonstrated that M2 microglia-derived exosomes attenuated ischemic brain injury and promoted neuronal survival via exosomal miR-124 and its downstream target USP14. M2 microglia-derived exosomes represent a promising avenue for treating ischemic stroke.

Keywords: brain ischemia, exosomes, miR-124, microglia, USP14


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APA
Song, Y., Li, Z., He, T., Qu, M., Jiang, L., Li, W., Shi, X., Pan, J., Zhang, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z., Tang, Y., Yang, G.Y. (2019). M2 microglia-derived exosomes protect the mouse brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury via exosomal miR-124. Theranostics, 9(10), 2910-2923. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.30879.

ACS
Song, Y.; Li, Z.; He, T.; Qu, M.; Jiang, L.; Li, W.; Shi, X.; Pan, J.; Zhang, L.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Tang, Y.; Yang, G.Y. M2 microglia-derived exosomes protect the mouse brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury via exosomal miR-124. Theranostics 2019, 9 (10), 2910-2923. DOI: 10.7150/thno.30879.

NLM
Song Y, Li Z, He T, Qu M, Jiang L, Li W, Shi X, Pan J, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Tang Y, Yang GY. M2 microglia-derived exosomes protect the mouse brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury via exosomal miR-124. Theranostics 2019; 9(10):2910-2923. doi:10.7150/thno.30879. https://www.thno.org/v09p2910.htm

CSE
Song Y, Li Z, He T, Qu M, Jiang L, Li W, Shi X, Pan J, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Tang Y, Yang GY. 2019. M2 microglia-derived exosomes protect the mouse brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury via exosomal miR-124. Theranostics. 9(10):2910-2923.

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