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Theranostics 2022; 12(15):6548-6575. doi:10.7150/thno.74305 This issue Cite

Review

Small extracellular vesicles isolation and separation: Current techniques, pending questions and clinical applications

Yuanwang Jia1,2,3#, Li Yu1#, Tieliang Ma2#, Wenrong Xu1,3, Hui Qian1,3✉, Yaoxiang Sun1,2✉, Hui Shi1,2,3✉

1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
2. Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, China.
3. Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
#These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Shi Hui, E-mail: shihuiedu.cn; Sun Yaoxiang, E-mail: staff2037com; Qian Hui, E-mail: lstmmmlstcom.

Citation:
Jia Y, Yu L, Ma T, Xu W, Qian H, Sun Y, Shi H. Small extracellular vesicles isolation and separation: Current techniques, pending questions and clinical applications. Theranostics 2022; 12(15):6548-6575. doi:10.7150/thno.74305. https://www.thno.org/v12p6548.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Extracellular vesicles, especially small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are now accepted as important messengers in cell-to-cell communication and as a promising drug delivery platform. They are involved in nearly all physiological and pathological processes and are involved in disease diagnosis and therapy. However, their heterogeneity of physicochemical properties and functions is not fully understood, which hinders further clinical applications. To obtain highly bioactive sEVs with both high yield and purity, will certainly facilitate their future study and application. This review informs up-to-date research on frequently-used and cutting-edge technologies of sEVs isolation and makes a deep comparison and analysis of different methods, including their advantages, limitations and applications. Pending questions about the inherent property of these small vesicles as well as isolation strategies are discussed. Additionally, an overview of their applications in disease diagnosis and treatment, including some of the on-going clinical trials, are also reviewed.

Keywords: Small extracellular vesicles, exosomes, isolation techniques, clinical applications

Citation styles

APA
Jia, Y., Yu, L., Ma, T., Xu, W., Qian, H., Sun, Y., Shi, H. (2022). Small extracellular vesicles isolation and separation: Current techniques, pending questions and clinical applications. Theranostics, 12(15), 6548-6575. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.74305.

ACS
Jia, Y.; Yu, L.; Ma, T.; Xu, W.; Qian, H.; Sun, Y.; Shi, H. Small extracellular vesicles isolation and separation: Current techniques, pending questions and clinical applications. Theranostics 2022, 12 (15), 6548-6575. DOI: 10.7150/thno.74305.

NLM
Jia Y, Yu L, Ma T, Xu W, Qian H, Sun Y, Shi H. Small extracellular vesicles isolation and separation: Current techniques, pending questions and clinical applications. Theranostics 2022; 12(15):6548-6575. doi:10.7150/thno.74305. https://www.thno.org/v12p6548.htm

CSE
Jia Y, Yu L, Ma T, Xu W, Qian H, Sun Y, Shi H. 2022. Small extracellular vesicles isolation and separation: Current techniques, pending questions and clinical applications. Theranostics. 12(15):6548-6575.

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