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Volume 15 (16); 2025

Research Papers

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Synergistic tumor microenvironment modulation enabled by a nanozyme-boosted biomimetic macrophage-derived nanovesicle for highly efficient antitumor therapy Yue Su, Haibin Wu, Ke Duan, Jiahao Xie, Weitao Huang, Xiaozhou Mou, Xiangming Ye, Yeyu Shen, Ting Li, Junjia He, Luoqin Fu, Yin Wang, Liping Wen, Qiong Bian, Mingang Zhu, Xiangmin Tong Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 7925-7939. doi:10.7150/thno.114467 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Targeting the self-amplifying loop between ATF6 and SNAI1 to inhibit epithelial‒mesenchymal transition in fibrotic lesions Tong Wu, Yan Liu, Jiyuan Ma, Lingshan Lu, Liang Wang, Mengmei He, Zhuang Hao, Xiaomin Liu, Luning Zhang, Chao Zhao, Mengzhang Tao, Chao Zheng, Jian Zhou Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 7940-7955. doi:10.7150/thno.109442 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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O-GlcNAcylation-dependent liquid-liquid phase separation regulates the nuclear translocation of YAP to exacerbate vascular neointimal hyperplasia Ping Weng, Yilin Wen, Zhiyi Yuan, Limei Ma, Liming Yang, Chengju Li, Wanping Zhang, Chao Yu Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 7956-7972. doi:10.7150/thno.113303 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Reduction-responsive RNAi nanoplatform for enhanced cancer sonoimmunotherapy via dual inhibition of mitophagy and Nrf2 pathways Junyue Fang, Rui Xu, Yuan Cao, Zixuan Zhao, Weifan Li, Li Lin, Jingyi Hou, Xiaoding Xu, Phei Er Saw Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 7973-7989. doi:10.7150/thno.112649 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of ARG2 in CXCR2Hi myeloid-derived suppressor cells combats sepsis-induced lymphopenia Qiuyue Long, Shixu Song, Jiwei Li, Jialing Gan, Shuoqi Yang, Boyu Li, Hongli Ye, Binghan Zheng, Fangfang Wu, Zhichen Yu, Jing Wu, Linyu Ding, Mingzheng Jiang, Xiaoyi Hu, Zhancheng Gao, Yali Zheng Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 7990-8011. doi:10.7150/thno.112339 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Disturbance of cytoskeleton induced by ligustilide promotes hepatic stellate cell senescence and ameliorates liver fibrosis Jiaorong Qu, Jianan Li, Le Wang, Yufei Li, Yinqiang Zhang, Jingtao Li, Zixuan Huo, Junsong Han, Runping Liu, Guifang Fan, Yinhao Zhang, Xiaoyong Xue, Xiaojiaoyang Li Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8049-8067. doi:10.7150/thno.108869 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Co-delivery of targeted hypoallergens and resiquimod powders using silk fibroin microneedles for effective allergen-specific immunotherapy Zhen Wang, Xiaolei Lu, Lingzhi Wu, Xin Jiang, Wei Wang, Yahua Wang Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8096-8116. doi:10.7150/thno.114152 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Overactivation of EGFR signaling in skeletal stem/progenitor cells promotes bone formation and repair Yuxiang Hu, Yangyang Chen, Xiaoyao Peng, Haitao Li, Guosilang Zuo, Hao Xu, Fashuai Wu, Yi Wang, Zengwu Shao, Yulong Wei Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8117-8136. doi:10.7150/thno.115406 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Point-of-care mass spectrometry metabolomic analysis enabling intraoperative brain tumor diagnosis Junhan Wu, Xinqi Fang, Haoyue Zhang, Hao Xu, Peter Jih Cheng Wong, Ying Mao, Wenpeng Zhang, Zheng Ouyang, Wei Hua Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8137-8149. doi:10.7150/thno.113336 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Targeting complement C3 with Tanshinone I decreases microglia-mediated synaptic engulfment to exert antidepressant effects Huaqing Lai, Pinglong Fan, Pengxiang Zhang, Meng Zhang, Xinmu Li, Boyu Kuang, Run Zhou, Wenfei Wang, Hong Jiang, Zhenzhen Wang, Naihong Chen Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8150-8175. doi:10.7150/thno.115587 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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An unrecognized mechanism of self-protection in degenerating neurons mediated by astrocytic YAP through Wnts/β-catenin/EAAT2 signaling in C9orf72-poly-GA mice Dongmei Li, Yan Wei, Rui Yang, Xuan Luo, Yanzhu Liu, Weiqiao Zhao, Hui Yang, Yumin Wu, Ying Wang, Zhihui Huang Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8176-8201. doi:10.7150/thno.113599 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Comprehensive exome profiling identifies ARHGEF12 mutation as a driver in gastric cancer with ovarian metastasis Mingda Zhang, Guoyu Chen, Xiaolin Lin, Yingwen Zhang, Longyu Shi, Shanshan Li, Yanxin Li, Xiuying Xiao, Haizhong Feng Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8202-8221. doi:10.7150/thno.113382 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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A pyroptosis proportion tunable nano-modulator for cancer immunotherapy Zhuang Chen, Zuo Yang, Zhiping Rao, Yi Luo, Weijing Liu, Chaoqiang Qiao, Qian Jia, Peng Yang, Ruili Zhang, Zhongliang Wang Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8320-8336. doi:10.7150/thno.112209 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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CREPT promotes LUAD progression by enhancing the CDK9 and RNAPII assembly to promote ERK-driven gene transcription Mengdi Li, Yuting Lin, Jiayu Wang, He Yang, Danhui Ma, Ye Tian, Yi Wang, Liu Yang, Umar Farooq, Yinyin Wang, Fangli Ren, Jian Sheng, Guoqing Zhang, Liang Chen, Jun Li, Xiangnan Li, Zhijie Chang Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8337-8359. doi:10.7150/thno.115572 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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PTEN-mediated senescence of lung epithelial cells drives ventilator-induced pulmonary fibrosis Mengyu Li, Yu Wang, Zhiqiang Hu, Shiqian Huang, Pu Chen, Lin Chen, Jing Wu, Zhouyang Wu, Shanglong Yao, Yiyi Yang Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8360-8376. doi:10.7150/thno.117523 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Engineered nanovesicle platform simultaneously triggers YAP-dependent ferroptosis and reprograms T-cell immunity through miR-150-3p codelivery in melanoma microenvironment Jiemin Wang, Zhenguo Zhao, Haopeng Yang, Ruixuan Wang, Shu Wang, Jiale Yu, Yujia Wang, Ruihua Liu, Yani Chen, Yueshi Liu, Kesong Shi, Pengyong Han, Miao Liu, Jing Miao, Xiaoyang Li, Xiangnan Li, Haiquan Yu Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8377-8403. doi:10.7150/thno.115860 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Intermittent fasting reprograms the brain proteome to prevent synaptic degeneration and cognitive impairment in vascular dementia Nishat I. Tabassum, Sharmelee Selvaraji, Yibo Fan, Vernise JT. Lim, Xiangru Cheng, Xiangyuan Peng, Aayushi Arora, Vismitha Rajeev, Julian Ratcliffe, Chad J. Johnson, Keshava K. Datta, Rohan Lowe, Mansour Ebrahimi, Quynh Nhu Dinh, T Michael De Silva, Christopher G. Sobey, Peiyan Wong, Eddie Feng-Ju Weng, Dong-Gyu Jo, Christopher P. Chen, Mitchell K.P. Lai, Thiruma V. Arumugam Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8429-8450. doi:10.7150/thno.119422 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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All-in-one Biocomputing Nanoagents with Multilayered Transformable Architecture based on DNA Interfaces Vladimir R. Cherkasov, Elizaveta N. Mochalova, Andrey V. Babenyshev, Maxim P. Nikitin Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8451-8472. doi:10.7150/thno.113059 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Chitosan activates NLRP3 inflammasome and cGAS-STING to suppress cancer progression through hexokinase 2 dissociation and mitochondrial dysfunction Lu Li, Liting You, Zhenfei Bi, Ziqi Zhang, Binwu Ying, Min Luo, Xiawei Wei Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8473-8487. doi:10.7150/thno.112009 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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PTEN restoration and CXCR2 depletion synergistically enhance the effect of enzalutamide and inhibit bone metastatic CRPC Jiyuan Chen, Luyao Gong, Simeng Cao, Guanshan Song, Yeheng Peng, Yuanyuan Wang, Yan-Ru Lou, Teemu J. Murtola, Yao Wu, Ganjun Yu, Yuan Gao Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8488-8508. doi:10.7150/thno.114534 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Injectable hydrogels based on mussel-inspired nanocomposite microspheres for non-compressible intra-abdominal hemorrhage control Tao Liu, Peng Ma, Fengya Jing, Yinghua Tao, Jinfang Lu, Dandan Wei, Liuxin Yang, Feiling Feng, Yonghua Li, Hongbin Yuan, Tianzhu Zhang Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8509-8530. doi:10.7150/thno.118901 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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FBLN7 KO attenuates age-related cardiac fibrosis by promoting TGFBR3/ALK1/Smad1 signaling and inhibiting the profibrotic phenotypes of cardiac fibroblasts Xuehui Zheng, Guoqing Yao, Huaitao Yu, Binghui Kong, Yuan Zhao, Yang Hu, Xiangping Ma, Jinghan Hai, Panpan Xu, Yun Ti, Peili Bu Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8531-8552. doi:10.7150/thno.116477 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Biosynthetic gas vesicles as a novel ultrasound contrast agent for diagnosing and treating myocardial infarction Zihang Wang, Maierhaba Yibulayin, Kezhi Yu, Tingting Liu, Lina Guan, Baihetiya Tayier, Lingjie Yang, Shangke Chen, Yuming Mu, Fei Yan Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8553-8568. doi:10.7150/thno.118543 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Nanodelivery of Y-27632 by RGD-modified liposome enhances radioimmunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma via tumor microenvironment matrix stiffness reprogramming Yang Shen, Zihui Zheng, Xinyao Hu, Zhuolin Zhou, Yangtao Xu, Siyu Wang, Shuhong Yu, Xiaoqin He, Ximing Xu Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8569-8586. doi:10.7150/thno.114892 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that myeloid S100A8/A9 is a novel regulator of the transition from adaptive hypertrophy to heart failure after pressure overload Wei-Jia Yu, Wen-Xi Jiang, Shu-Jing Liu, Hui-Hua Li, Qiu-Yue Lin Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8587-8608. doi:10.7150/thno.118369 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Systemic inflammation-induced adipose tissue remodeling drives psoriasis exacerbation in obesity through epigenetic and immunometabolic dysregulation Jinsun Jang, Mijoo Ahn, Jiyeong Jeong, Eun-Hui Lee, Ok-Hee Kim, Seul-A Joo, Seung Eun Baek, Han-Joo Maeng, Yun Hak Kim, In-Sun Hong, Byung-Chul Oh, Ik Soo Kim, Hee Joo Kim, YunJae Jung Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8639-8657. doi:10.7150/thno.116796 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Fe-flavonoid nanozyme as dual modulator of oxidative stress and autophagy for acute kidney injury repair Ranran Luo, Zhongsheng Xu, Chenxi Zhang, Zening Zhang, Pengchen Ren, Xiaojing He, Jingjing Zhang, Yun Liu Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8658-8674. doi:10.7150/thno.111874 Full text PDF PubMed PMC

Reviews

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Imaging hypoxia for head and neck cancer: current status, challenges, and prospects Wenhui Huang, Nemin Li, Sheng Zhu, Yuze Zhang, Xinyang Song, Bin Zhang, Hao Yan, Jie Tian, Kun Wang, Shuixing Zhang Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8012-8030. doi:10.7150/thno.112781 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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On the dilemma of using single EV analysis for liquid biopsy: the challenge of low abundance of tumor EVs in blood Meruyert Imanbekova, Mohul Sharma, Sebastian Wachsmann-Hogiu Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8031-8048. doi:10.7150/thno.115131 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Mucus-derived biomaterial dressings: a novel approach to accelerate wound healing Xuanqi Peng, Ziyi Wang, Leo Wang, Weiliang Hou Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8068-8095. doi:10.7150/thno.115988 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Inhibitory leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors, subfamily B (LILRBs) in human diseases: structure, roles, mechanisms, and clinical applications Yuxiu Zhang, Yuanyuan Xu, Qihui Wu, Xiaodan Fu, Yimin Li, Anqi Li Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8222-8258. doi:10.7150/thno.116951 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Engineered upconversion nanoparticles for breast cancer theranostics Shijing Wang, Lei Zhang, Minghao Wang, Xiumei Yin, Xinyao Dong, Xingyu Wu, Weijie Li, Wen Xu, Xiaoyun Mao Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8259-8319. doi:10.7150/thno.116153 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Epitranscriptomic mechanisms and implications of RNA m5C modification in cancer Zhonghao Mao, Yan Tian, Lisha Wu, Yu Zhang Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8404-8428. doi:10.7150/thno.112332 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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Synergistic integration of extracellular vesicles and metal-organic frameworks: unlocking new opportunities in disease diagnosis and therapy Peiye Xu, Jiaxuan He, Ting Xu, Weijie Wang, Baihui Wu, Rongbing Chen, Hanbing Wang, Qinsi Yang, Wei Wu, Da Sun Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8609-8638. doi:10.7150/thno.113474 Full text PDF PubMed PMC


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The Role of Senescence, its Therapeutic Relevance and Clinical Implications in the Tumor Microenvironment Hanzhe Shi, Mingming Xiao, Yangyi Li, Xiyu Liu, Jintong Na, Chen Liang, Jie Hua, Qingcai Meng, Miaoyan Wei, Wei Wang, Jin Xu, Xianjun Yu, Si Shi Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8675-8703. doi:10.7150/thno.112633 Full text PDF PubMed PMC

Erratum

Human endoglin-CD3 bispecific T cell engager antibody induces anti-tumor effect in vivo Liping Zhong, Wei Shi, Lu Gan, Xiuli Liu, Yu Huo, Pan Wu, Zhikun Zhang, Tao Wu, Hongmei Peng, Yong Huang, Yongxiang Zhao, Yulin Yuan, Zhiming Deng, Hongliang Tang Theranostics 2025; 15(16): 8704-8705. doi:10.7150/thno.117883 Full text PDF PubMed PMC

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